The answer of course is not economic, moral and political. The ruling class realized that a happy a

Are you troubled that your job is useless, pointless or even harmful? Essay British anthropologist with anarchist history is looking increasingly common causes of this symptom and asks how it is possible that despite technological advances developed countries are not able to ensure that their populations have not spent at work more than three to four hours a day.
John Maynard Keynes in 1930 predicted that the end of the century the technology so advanced that countries like the United Kingdom or the United States will reach patnáctihodinového working week. Apparently performance foods lincoln he was right. Technologically, performance foods lincoln we did pretty well able, yet did not. Technology is mobilized primarily to managed to come up with a way to force all of us to work even more. And it was necessary to create the kinds of jobs that are actually useless. Crowds of people, especially in Europe and North America, spends his working life performing tasks, which suspects that are not really needed at all useless. Moral and spiritual destruction that arises in this situation is enormous. It is a scar on our collective soul. Doing it but almost no one does not deal with.
Why Keynes promised utopia - even in the sixties eagerly awaited - never materialized? The standard answer today is that Keynes did not foresee a massive increase in consumerism. When we had to choose between shorter working hours and plenty of toys and pastimes, collectively, we decided for the latter. Yes, from the twenties observe how they occur infinitely wide variety of new jobs and industries, but with the production performance foods lincoln and distribution performance foods lincoln of sushi, iPhone or fashion sneakers are related to only a few.
O what new kinds of work, exactly? One recent comparison of employment in the USA in 1910 and in 2000, offers an eloquent file (and only add that Britain it quite faithfully replicates). During the last century has dramatically reduced the number of people serving in households and workers in industry and agriculture. It also tripled the number of "professional, managerial, clerical, performance foods lincoln sales and employees in the service." In other words, productive performance foods lincoln employment, according to forecasts, significantly automate (even if we include industrial workers globally, including the working masses in India and China, the same percentage of the world population, as it was once their number reaches well). performance foods lincoln
But, instead of massively shortened working hours and gave the world population the freedom to pursue their own projects, hobbies, visions performance foods lincoln and ideas, performance foods lincoln follow extensive hypertrophy, not so much "service", but rather performance foods lincoln the administrative sector, which absorbs and creates a number of new industries such as financial services and telemarketing. In addition, we are witnessing an unprecedented expansion of sectors such as corporate law, academic or health administration, human resources and public relations. And yet these growing numbers are not even included all those whose task is to provide a new line of administrative, technical and security performance foods lincoln support, or the numbers of temporary disciplines like bathing dogs or all-night pizza, which exist only because everyone else spend such a large amount time at work. - This is all just works, for which I propose the designation "work sucks".
As if someone out there inventing meaningless job because we all still worked. And at this moment is the whole mystery - in capitalism would do such a thing should not happen. Sure, the old, inefficient socialist countries like the Soviet Union where the work is considered a right and a sacred duty, devised a system exactly as much work he had to, and therefore also in Soviet shops needed three people to sell you a piece of meat. But this is precisely the problem that the market competition eliminated. At least according to economic theory, the last thing any company seeking to make a profit, the money salt employees, which in fact has no need. And yet, somehow occur.
Corporations still can drastically downsize, but all the negative consequences performance foods lincoln infallibly fall only on the people who actually produce something, move, repair or maintain. By some strange alchemy, which no one can fully explain the number of paid paper pushers obviously still growing and increasingly finds employees - and it's a similar situation as mentioned Soviet example - that officially While working forty or fifty hours a week, but their real workload is approaching about him fifteen hours that Keynes predicted. The rest of the time it takes them to organize motivational seminars and participation in, updating facebookových profiles or downloading movies.
The answer of course is not economic, moral and political. The ruling class realized that a happy and productive population that has lots of free time, for it is a mortal danger (remember what happened in the sixties, when such opportunity performance foods lincoln began only